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Legal and Regulatory Framework
Assistance under this category includes helping countries to bring their own regulations into conformity with international rules, more general help to improve their legal institutions, and training officials to deal with such rules. A number of the agencies specialise in particular areas, rather than trying to provide expertise on the legal rules in all sectors. For several, the aim is to balance trade-related obligations with other national (or international) interests.
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Capacity Development of Farmer Based Organizations and Cooperatives in Northern - Ghana
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Supply Capacity
In line with the trade focus of this Guide, support activities to develop supply capacity are considered to be those that aim to increase the availability of goods and services for export. There is no easy distinction between this and building more general capacity to produce, and this distinction is becoming less pertinent as borders open and competition in local markets from imports increases. Some agencies do not make this distinction in their projects.
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Inclusive Rural Development in Nawalparasi − Nepal
Improvement of Post-Harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in Lebanon – Lebanon
Rural Community Support Project (RCSP) – Rwanda
Establishment of Myanmar Agricultural Products Wholesales Market - Myanmar
Sustainable, Inclusive Rice Value Chain Development in Podor - Senegal
Shrimp Farming and Research Centre Development– Algeria
Development of Technology for Fisheries Resources Enhancement in Angola–Angola
Master Plan and Engineering Design for the Establishment of Industrial Complex in Boyolali District - Indonesia
Strengthening Competitiveness for Colombian Automotive part industry – Colombia
Enhancing the Capacity of production and distribution of high-quality rice seeds - Philippines
ILO Skills for Employment and Productivity in Low-Income Countries: Supporting the implementation of the ILO/G20 Training Strategy for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth – Mozambique and Nepal
Jalaur River Multipurpose Dam– Philippines
Irrigation Facility Development– Mali
Technology Development Center Extension − Kenya
Compliance support infrastructure and services
Assistance in this category is closely related to that under the Legal and Regulatory Framework, but places more emphasis on building the institutions in developing countries to implement such legal frameworks, and less on the details of compliance. It is an area where the specialised agencies again have the main role
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Uzstandard Capacity Building by Leveraging ICT and Establishing Master-plan - Uzbekistan
Technical Cooperation in International Textile Quality Standard and Textile Testing Quality Assurance – Indonesia
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Promoting labour and health standards, Bangladesh
Trade promotion capacity building
This category includes both direct support to exporters and the building of institutions in-country which will provide such support. It is different from many of the other categories in its direct relationship to the private sector.
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Investment and Trade Promotion – Mozambique
Trade Capacity Promotion – Bangladesh
Educational Platform for International Trade Capacity Building in Morocco – Morocco
Market and Trade Information
Market information and trade information services are different in their focus and methods. Market information is about sub-sectors and products, while trade information focuses on the aggregate level, including data on trade flows, policies affecting trade, and trends in these. Market information is usually targeted at traders. Trade information is, broadly speaking, intended to be used by policy-makers.
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Linking supply and demand
Services to facilitate export
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Trade Facilitation
This category covers the development, harmonization, and implementation of the rules and procedures which govern how goods cross borders.
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Customs Modernization – Uzbekistan
E-trade Facilitation for Peruvian Export-Import SMEs: e-PYMEX and VUCE-B2B - Peru
Electronic Single Window for International Trade system (2nd phase) - Ethiopia
Digitalization of Customs Service System – Dominican Republic
Laguindingan Airport Air-Navigation System and Support Facilities Supply– Philippines
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Physical Trade Infrastructure
Like Supply Capacity, this is a category where the boundary between trade support and more general support to production or development is not clearly defined. Some agencies try to allocate spending on individual projects partially to trade and partially to other purposes; others focus on the principal purpose of a project or a type of activity.
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Feasibility Study for Upgrading National Road No.8 on the Asian Highway (AH15) Network in the Lao PDR − Laos
Capacity development of Vietnamese expressway management and institutional system – Vietnam
Feasibility study on waterway improvement for port and logistics development - Cambodia
Feasibility Study on the Improvement of the National Road No. 1,2,6, and 7 - Paraguay
Puerto Princesa Airport Development – Philippines
Construction of the New International Passenger Terminal (Tashkent-4) at the Tashkent Airport - Uzbekistan
Trade-Related Financial Services
Trade finance is one of the areas where exporters from developing countries are most disadvantaged compared to those from developed countries because selling at a distance to purchasers who are not directly known within the country requires special skills and risk assessment from banks. Only when exports reach a sufficiently high level is it profitable for banks in a country to acquire these skills, so exporters, particularly SMEs, are hampered by difficulty in accessing export finance. Therefore both the cost and the availability of appropriate finance are problems. Some agencies offer support to build national capacity, while others try to fill the gap until such capacity is available.